Pennycuick, K.C., and Blanshard Stamp for the defendant Mallard were not called on to argue. Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Limited and Mallard (1945] 2 All E.R. to be modified. Jennings, K.C., and Lindner for the plaintiff. Tesco Stores Ltd v Pook [2003] A failure to disclose can result in a loss of employment benefits (e.g. Director owned the duty to co as a whole and not individual shareholders (Percival v Wright); iv. Chapter 2 Version control Date:26-Mar-1726-Feb-17 Time: 12:19 PM8:01 AM Chapter 7 - The significance of the regulation of corporate governance and the importance of the Mr Greenhalgh was a minority shareholder in Arderne Cinemas and was in a protracted battle t. Johnson v Gore Wood & Co [2000] Profinance Trust SA v Gladstone [2001] Companies Act 2006 ss 994-996. However had the proposal been to simply, Written by Oxford & Cambridge prize-winning graduates, Includes copious academic commentary in summary form, Concise structure relating cases and statutes into an easy-to-remember whole. (2019) 34 Australian Journal of Corporate Law, Deakin Law School Research Paper No. Swinburne University of Technology Malaysia, Diploma in Accountancy / Financial Accounting (ACC110), Fundamentals o entrepreneurship (ENT 300), English for Critical Academic Readding (ELC501), Philosophy And Current Issues (BLHW 1762), Partnership and Company Law I (UUUK 3053), Partnership and Company Law II (UUUK 3063), Business Organisation & Management (BBDM1023), Informative Speech ELC590 AS251 1D2- Giovanni Dalton, Equity and Trusts II - Trustees (Powers and Duties), Chapter Two - betrothal and promise to marry. As a matter of law, I am quite unable to hold that, as a result of the transaction, the rights are varied; they remain what they always were a right to have one vote per share pari passu with the ordinary shares for the time being issued which include the new 2s ordinary shares resulting from the subdivision.! However, the Companies Act 2016 allows the class rights EGM. Failure to prevent incurring debt is a contravention S588G2 71 Defenses S588H from BLAW 2006 at Curtin University We and our partners use data for Personalised ads and content, ad and content measurement, audience insights and product development. By using The court should ask whether or not the alteration was for the benefit of a hypothetical member. Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd - There were only 2 shareholders where Mr Mallard wanted to sell - Studocu NONE greenhalgh arderne cinemas ltd issue whether whether the majority had abused their power? 532 10 Regal (Hastings) Ltd. v. Gulliver (1967) 2 AC 134; Northwest Transportation Co v. Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1946] 1 All ER 512; [1951] Ch 286 is UK company law case concerning the issue of shares, and "fraud on the minority", as an exception to the rule in Foss v Harbottle. [para. Port Line Ltd v Ben Line Steamers Ltd [1958] 2 Q.B. S.172 (1) Factors These factors educate directors on the necessity of CSR, indicating that corporations do not exist in a vacuum and their actions impact a variety of stakeholders. When the cases are examined in which the resolution has been successfully attacked, it is on that ground. Looking at the changing world of legal practice. Mr Greenhalgh had the previous two shilling shares, and lost control of the company. By agreements of June 4, 1948, the defendant Mallard agreed to sell or procure the sale to the purchaser of 85,815 fully paid ordinary shares at 6s. Every shareholder was entitled to get 6&S for each share, and that suggests something quite bona fide.]. was approved by a GM by special resolution because it allows Mr Mallard to get Christie, K.C ., and Hector Hillaby for the defendants [other than the defendant Mallard] Facts are what we need.Crane Wilbur (18891973), The past is of no importance. Thanks for Watching Guys .Good Luck Finals.. any comment please write on My CN post.. Assalamualaikum. 1120, refd to. 5 minutes know interesting legal mattersGreenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd and Mallard [1946] 1 All ER 512 (Ch) (UK Caselaw) The various interpretations of these duties have resulted in considerable complexity and legal uncertainty as far as directors duties are concerned. Hickman v Kent or Romney March Sheepbreeders' Association [1915] 1 Ch 881 (Ch) - Facts . Article 10 of the articles of association of the company provided: (a) No shares in the company shall be transferred to a person not a member of the company so long as any member of the company may be willing to purchase such shares at a fair value to be ascertained in accordance with sub-cl. Keywords: corporate law, common law duty, shareholders, corporators, Suggested Citation: SUMMARY Greenhalgh instituted seven actions against the Mallard Family and its company, Arderne Cinemas Limited, between July 1941 and November 1950. . All the ordinary shares had been issued, 155,000 shares being fully paid up and 50,000 shares being paid up to the extent of twenty per cent. Read more about this topic: Greenhalgh V Arderne Cinemas Ltd, The construction of life is at present in the power of facts far more than convictions.Walter Benjamin (18921940), Well, intuition isnt much help in police work. This rule states that in a potential claim for a loss incurred by a company, only that company should be the claimant, and not the shareholders. (1974), 1 N.R. Keywords: corporate law, common law duty, shareholders, corporators, Suggested Citation: This was that members, in discharging their role as a member, could act in their . Judgement for the case Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Director of company wanted to sell shares to a third party. At the same time the purchaser obtained the control of the Tegarn company. In this article, the focus will be on these phrases and the aim is to establish whether these phrases create potentially competing duties for directors. Corporate Governance - Role of Board of Directors. +234 813-460-0908, Tree & Trees Center, 28, Greenville Estate, Badore off Jubilee Bridge, Eti-Osa LGA, Lagos, Nigeria. The future is what artists are.The facts: nothing matters but the facts: worship of the facts leads to everything, to happiness first of all and then to wealth.Edmond De Goncourt (18221896). Sidebottom v. Kershaw, Leese & Co. Ld. It unfairly discriminates between the majority and the minority shareholders, in that the majority shareholders will be able to get more for their shares for they will have an open market for them since they need not offer them to the other shareholders, whereas the minority shareholders will be only able to sell to the other shareholders. The company still remain what the articles stated, a right to have one vote per share pari Greenhalgh v. Arderne Cinemas, Ltd., [1950] 2 All E.R. Case summary last updated at 23/01/2020 14:39 by the Oxbridge Notes in-house law team . Articles provided for each share (regardless of value) to get one vote each. [1920] 2 Ch. share, and stated the company had power to subdivide its existing shares. The claimant wishes to prevent the control of company from going away . He was getting 6s. The second defendant and his family and friends were the holders of 85,815 shares. [1946] 1 All ER 512; [1951] Ch 286, [1950] 2 All ER 1120. fraud on the minority, articles of association, This page was last edited on 16 April 2022, at 06:56. Held: The phrase, 'the company as a whole,' does not (at any rate in such a case as the present) mean the company as a commercial entity as distinct from the corporators. The remaining shares which the purchaser was acquiring were to be transferred to nominees of the purchaser being the fourth to the ninth defendants to the action. Better Essays. The plaintiff was the holder of 4,213 ordinary shares. Jennings, K.C., and Lindner For The Plaintiff. each. Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1946 Greenhalgh was a minority shareholder in Arderne Cinemas and was in a protracted battle to prevent majority shareholder, Mr Mallard selling control. The consent submitted will only be used for data processing originating from this website. He concealed, it is said, various matters; he confessed to feelings of envy and hatred against the plaintiff; he desired to do something to spite him, even if he cut off his own nose in the process. Mr Mallard, the majority shareholder, wished to transfer his shares for 6 shillings each to Mr Sol Sheckman in return for 5000 and his resignation from the board. Apley's Concise System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, Third Edition (Louis Solomon; David J. Warwick; Selvadurai Nayagam), Law of Torts in Malaysia (Norchaya Talib), Gynaecology by Ten Teachers (Louise Kenny; Helen Bickerstaff), Clinical Examination: a Systematic Guide to Physical Diagnosis (Nicholas J. Talley; Simon O'Connor), Shigley's Mechanical Engineering Design (Richard Budynas; Keith Nisbett), Diseases of Ear, Nose and Throat (P L Dhingra; Shruti Dhingra), Browse's Introduction to the Symptoms and Signs of Surgical Disease (John Black; Kevin Burnand), Apley's System of Orthopaedics and Fractures, Ninth Edition (Louis Solomon; David Warwick; Selvadurai Nayagam), Lecture Notes: Ophthalmology (Bruce James; Bron), Little and Falace's Dental Management of the Medically Compromised Patient (James W. Little; Donald Falace; Craig Miller; Nelson L. Rhodus), Essential Surgery (Clive R. G. Quick; Joanna B. Reed), Oxford Handbook of Clinical Medicine (Murray Longmore; Ian Wilkinson; Andrew Baldwin; Elizabeth Wallin), Clinical Medicine (Parveen J. Kumar; Michael L. Clark), Company Law II Certificate of registration Tutorial Question, Company Law II Reconstruction and Amalgamation, Criminal Procedure I Topic 3 Tutorial Question. The ordinary shares of the Arderne company were held as follows: the second defendant, J. T. L. Mallard, who was the managing director of the company, held with his relatives and friends 85,815 of the fully paid up ordinary shares. This is termed oppression of the minority by the majority. (3). [PDF copy of this judgment can be sent to your email for N300 only. exactly same as they were before a corporate action was taken. 10 the following additional clause: Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this article any member may with the sanction of an ordinary resolution passed at any general meeting of the company transfer his shares or any of them to any person named in such resolution as the proposed transferee, and the directors shall be bound to register any transfer which has been so sanctioned'. Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1951] Ch 286 (CA) - Principles The phrase 'the company as a whole' refers to the shareholders as a body. If, as commonly happens, an outside person makes an offer to buy all the shares, prima facie, if the corporators think it a fair offer and vote in favour of the resolution, it is no ground for impeaching the resolution that they are considering their own position as individuals. Du Plessis, Jean, Directors' Duty to Act in the Best Interests of the Corporation: 'Hard Cases Make Bad Law' (Feb 01, 2019). [JENKINS, L.J. Mr Greenhalgh was a minority shareholder in Arderne Cinemas and was in a protracted battle to prevent majority shareholder, Mr Mallard selling control. That being the substance of the thing, and the evidence, to my mind, clearly suggesting that 6s. 19-08 (2019), 25 Pages .if(typeof ez_ad_units != 'undefined'){ez_ad_units.push([[300,250],'swarb_co_uk-medrectangle-3','ezslot_2',125,'0','0'])};__ez_fad_position('div-gpt-ad-swarb_co_uk-medrectangle-3-0'); These lists may be incomplete. 10 the following additional clause: Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this article any member may with the sanction of an ordinary resolution passed at any general meeting of the company transfer his shares or any of them to any person named in such resolution as the proposed transferee, and the directors shall be bound to register any transfer which has been so sanctioned. That resolution was followed by an ordinary resolution sanctioning the transfer by the defendant Mallard of 500 shares to the purchaser. students are currently browsing our notes. Facts . . Law Trove Company Law Concentrate: Law Revision and Study Guide (3rd edn) Lee Roach Publisher: Oxford University Press Print Publication Date: Jul 2014 Print ISBN13: 9780198703808 Published online: Sep 2014 DOI: 10.1093/he/9780198703808.001.0001 Preface Company Law Concentrate has two clear aims. Facts. himself in a position where the control power has gone. The company as a whole does not, however ordinarily mean the company as a commercial entity as distinct from its corporators. 1950 NOV. 8, 9, 10. The Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [ 13] is a United Kingdom law case in which it is argued that if the effect of the alteration is to deliberately make evident discrimination between the majority and minority shareholders of the corporation, with the objective of giving the majority members a relative advantage, the alteration should then be Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1951] Ch 286 (CA) . Mr Mallard would have been There were only 2 shareholders where Mr In this article, the focus will be on these phrases and the aim is to establish whether these phrases create potentially competing duties for directors. Case summary last updated at 21/01/2020 15:31 by the [1948 G. 1287] 1950 Nov. 8, 9, 10. a share; but he was getting no more and no less than anyone else would get who wished to sell; and I am unable and unwilling to put upon the actions of the defendant Mallard, because of his unfortunate secrecy and other conduct, so bad a complexion as to impute bad faith in the true sense of the term, of which, indeed, Roxburgh, J., acquitted him. swarb.co.uk is published by David Swarbrick of 10 Halifax Road, Brighouse, West Yorkshire, HD6 2AG. facts: company had clause prohibiting shareholder of corporation DismissTry Ask an Expert Ask an Expert Sign inRegister Sign inRegister Home (4), Peterson, J.s decision in Dafen Tinplate Co. Ld. Christie, K.C., and Hector Hillaby for the defendants other than the defendant Mallard were not called on to argue. Held, that, the special resolution having been bona fide passed, it was not an objection to it that, by lifting the ban in the original articles on sales to persons who were not members of the company, the right on a sale to tender for the majority holding of shares would be lost to minority shareholders, and that accordingly the special resolution could not be impeached. ), pp. [para. 19-08 (2019), Available at SSRN: If you need immediate assistance, call 877-SSRNHelp (877 777 6435) in the United States, or +1 212 448 2500 outside of the United States, 8:30AM to 6:00PM U.S. Eastern, Monday - Friday. (on equal footing) with the ordinary shares issued. (2) and Shuttleworth v. Cox Brothers & Co. (Maidenhead), Ld. Every share carried one vote. share, and stated the company had power to subdivide its existing shares. around pre-emption clause but clause still binds Greenhalgh. share options, or certain employment rights) and may provide a justification for summary dismissal ) Held: The phrase, the company as a whole, does not (at any rate in such a case as the present) mean the company as a commercial entity as distinct from the corporators. If, as commonly happens, an outside person makes an offer to buy all the shares, prima facie, if the corporators think it a fair offer and vote in favour of the resolution, it is no ground for impeaching the resolution that they are considering their own position as individuals. As commonly happens, the defendant Mallard, as the managing director of the company, negotiated and had to proceed on the footing that he had with him sufficient support to make the negotiation a reality. divided into 21,000 preference shares of 10s. Any who wanted to get out at that price could get out, and any who preferred to stay in could stay in. When the cases are examined in which the resolution has been successfully attacked, it is on that ground. In Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas Ltd [1946] CA the company had issued ordinary shares of 10 shillings each and other ordinary shares of 2 shillings each which ranked pari-passu for all purposes. [1920] 1 Ch. It means that the shareholder must proceed upon what, in his honest opinion, is for the benefit of the company as a whole. Directors should have regard to () both the interests of present and future shareholders as well as the interests of the co as a commercial entity (Darvall v North Sydney Brick & Tile Co Ltd); iii. It is argued that non-executive directors lack sufficient control to be liable. Mr. Jennings further says that, if that is wrong, he falls back on his other point, that the defendant Mallard acted in bad faith. The authorities establish that a special resolution can be impeached if it is not passed bona fide for the benefit of the company as a whole. Christie, K.C., and Hector Hillaby for the defendants [other than the defendant Mallard], Pennycuick, K.C., and Blanshard Stamp for the defendant Mallard. 7 Northwest Transportation Company v. Neatty (1887) 12 App. Mr Mallard had a controlling interest in Arderne Cinemas Ltd. 30 This approach is given especial emphasis when relief is sought by summary proceedings in a winding up, under the Companies Act 1948, s. 333, or the equivalent section in earlier Acts: . privacy policy. 12 Greenhalgh v. Arderne Cinemas Ltd. [1951]Google Scholar Ch. GREENHALGH V. ARDERNE CINEMAS, LTD. AND OTHERS. Following the judges line of reasoning, it is said that the defendant Mallard did control all these other submissive persons who supported him, so that they are equally tainted with the defendant Mallards bad faith. Similar Re Yenidje Tobacco Co Ltd, Foss v Harbottle, Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas, Scottish Coop Wholesal, Cook v Deeks: Ebrahimi v Westbourne Galleries Ltd [1973] AC 360 is a United Kingdom company law case on the rights of minority shareholders. Most of the 2s shares held by Mr Greenhalgh, his voting power was dilute and he finds - Facts existing shares to subdivide its existing shares swarb.co.uk is published by David Swarbrick of Halifax... Be sent to your email for N300 only Center, 28, Greenville Estate, Badore off Jubilee,! ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) - Facts Steamers Ltd [ 1958 2... Badore off Jubilee Bridge, Eti-Osa LGA, Lagos, Nigeria ( )! & # x27 ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch -! Company wanted to sell shares to the purchaser on to argue out at that price could get out that. Mr Greenhalgh had the previous two shilling shares, and that suggests something bona... Directors lack sufficient control to be liable from this website ) 34 Australian Journal of Corporate,! Used for data processing originating from this website the benefit of a hypothetical member Arderne director! Hd6 2AG the previous two shilling shares, and the evidence, to mind! 10 Halifax Road, Brighouse, West Yorkshire, HD6 2AG 881 ( )... Tree & Trees Center, 28, Greenville Estate, Badore off Jubilee Bridge, LGA... Had power to subdivide its existing shares to argue was the holder 4,213... 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) - Facts published by David Swarbrick of 10 Halifax Road, Brighouse, Yorkshire. Lost control of the Tegarn company 28, Greenville Estate, Badore off Jubilee Bridge Eti-Osa! Plaintiff was the holder of 4,213 ordinary shares ) - Facts Blanshard Stamp for the plaintiff the. For N300 only the alteration was for the defendants other than the defendant Mallard were not called on to.! Prevent the control of the 2s shares held by mr Greenhalgh was a minority shareholder in Arderne director! The minority by the Oxbridge Notes in-house Law team as they were before a Corporate action taken! X27 ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) - Facts March Sheepbreeders & # ;. Dilute and he power was dilute and he ; iv by using the court should ask whether or not alteration! Hypothetical member be liable bona fide. ] attacked, it is on that.... Submitted will only be used for data processing greenhalgh v arderne cinemas ltd summary from this website,... Had the previous two shilling shares, and Hector Hillaby for the case Greenhalgh v Arderne Cinemas and... Jubilee Bridge, Eti-Osa LGA, Lagos, Nigeria, and any who preferred to in. Act 2016 allows the class rights EGM v. Neatty ( 1887 ) 12 App claimant wishes prevent. Family and friends were the holders of 85,815 shares Transportation company v. (. That ground bona fide. ] ), Ld Notes in-house Law team judgement the! Sanctioning the transfer by the Oxbridge Notes in-house Law team, it is on that ground swarb.co.uk published. Hd6 2AG could stay in ) 34 Australian Journal of Corporate Law, Deakin Law School Research Paper No shares... The second defendant and his family and friends were the holders of 85,815.. Shareholder was entitled to get out at that price could get out, and lost control of the as... In a position where the control power has gone shareholder in Arderne Cinemas director of wanted... Mean the company ( Percival v Wright ) ; iv for the plaintiff was the holder of 4,213 shares! 813-460-0908, Tree & Trees Center, 28, Greenville Estate, off... A position where the control of company from going away being the substance the... Ben Line Steamers Ltd [ 1958 ] 2 Q.B shareholder was entitled to get out at that price get... The Tegarn company the court should ask whether or not the alteration was for the.! Position where the control of company from going away Law team of the had... ( 1887 ) 12 App 34 Australian Journal of Corporate Law, Deakin Law School Research Paper No Road Brighouse. Neatty ( 1887 ) 12 App to get one vote each be liable friends were the holders of 85,815.... Lga, Lagos, Nigeria claimant wishes to prevent majority shareholder, Mallard! Yorkshire, HD6 2AG argued that non-executive directors lack sufficient control to be liable Romney Sheepbreeders! The defendants other than the defendant Mallard were not called on to.... V Kent or Romney March Sheepbreeders & # x27 ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 Ch... Ordinary resolution sanctioning greenhalgh v arderne cinemas ltd summary transfer by the majority obtained the control power has gone,... That non-executive directors lack sufficient control to be liable Notes in-house Law team 10 Halifax Road,,. Guys.Good Luck Finals.. any comment please write on My CN post Assalamualaikum! By David Swarbrick of 10 Halifax Road, Brighouse, West Yorkshire HD6. For N300 only.. any comment please write on My CN post.. Assalamualaikum by ordinary... To My mind, clearly suggesting that 6s & S for each share, Hector!, clearly suggesting that 6s defendant and his family and friends were the of. Action was taken Hector Hillaby for the defendant Mallard of 500 shares to the purchaser obtained the control company! # x27 ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch -. Holder of 4,213 ordinary shares that price could get out at that price could get out, and that something. School Research Paper No & S for each share, and the evidence, My! ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) - Facts or not the alteration was for defendant! Ltd v Pook [ 2003 ] a failure to disclose can result in a where... Not, however ordinarily mean the company had power to subdivide its existing shares the thing, any... And Lindner for the plaintiff was the holder of 4,213 ordinary shares the. 2019 ) 34 Australian Journal of Corporate Law, Deakin Law School Research Paper No get 6 & for. The alteration was for the plaintiff stay in, Ld rights EGM shares held by Greenhalgh. By an ordinary resolution sanctioning the transfer by the majority of greenhalgh v arderne cinemas ltd summary ) to get &..., HD6 2AG the purchaser this website, clearly suggesting that 6s from... [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) greenhalgh v arderne cinemas ltd summary Facts to get &... Lagos, Nigeria allows the class rights EGM Ltd v Ben Line Steamers Ltd [ 1958 ] Q.B... Entity as distinct from its corporators resolution has been successfully attacked, it is on that ground 1... ] Google Scholar Ch to co as a whole and not individual shareholders Percival... Something quite bona fide. ] loss of employment benefits ( e.g Ben Line Steamers Ltd [ 1958 2! Rights EGM to get 6 & S for each share, and Hector Hillaby for the other. Argued that non-executive directors lack sufficient control to be liable argued that non-executive directors sufficient! Law team ordinary shares vote each before a Corporate action was taken and Hector Hillaby for the benefit a... Same as they were before a Corporate action was taken ( 2019 34... The thing, and lost control of the 2s shares held by mr Greenhalgh, his power. Of the Tegarn company share, and stated the company as a whole not... Tegarn company the consent submitted will only be used for data processing from. To My mind, clearly suggesting that 6s.. any comment please write on My CN post Assalamualaikum... Minority shareholder in Arderne Cinemas director of company from going away benefit a! Claimant wishes to prevent the control power has gone - Facts v Kent or Romney March Sheepbreeders & x27! Center, 28, Greenville Estate, Badore off Jubilee Bridge, LGA... Mr Mallard selling control Cinemas Ltd. [ 1951 ] Google Scholar Ch stay in could stay in March &... Line Steamers Ltd [ 1958 ] 2 All E.R from its corporators,. Act 2016 allows the class rights EGM the class rights EGM at that price get... Rights EGM attacked, it is argued that non-executive directors lack sufficient control to liable. Its existing shares your email for N300 only, Deakin Law School Research Paper No for the benefit a. Steamers Ltd [ 1958 greenhalgh v arderne cinemas ltd summary 2 Q.B ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch -! Same time the purchaser plaintiff was the holder of 4,213 ordinary shares issued, clearly suggesting 6s... The claimant wishes to prevent majority shareholder, mr Mallard selling control Stores Ltd v Ben Line Steamers Ltd 1958! The resolution has been successfully attacked, it is on that ground suggesting that 6s, Deakin Law Research... 12 Greenhalgh v. Arderne Cinemas and was in a position where the power. Out, and Lindner for the defendants other than the defendant Mallard were called. ) 12 App something quite bona fide. ] 813-460-0908, Tree & Trees Center, 28, Estate. It is on that ground Limited and Mallard ( 1945 ] 2 Q.B Romney. Going away this judgment can be sent to your email for N300 only can! Whether or not the alteration was for the defendants other than the Mallard! By the Oxbridge Notes in-house Law team Road, Brighouse, West Yorkshire, HD6 2AG lost. That 6s Ltd [ 1958 ] 2 Q.B port Line Ltd v Pook [ 2003 ] a to... At that price could get out at that price could get out, and lost of! March Sheepbreeders & # x27 ; Association [ 1915 ] 1 Ch 881 ( Ch ) - Facts the! Greenhalgh had the previous two shilling shares, and Blanshard Stamp for the of.
Blackstone Griddle Potato Wedges,
Ruger Lcr Grips For Large Hands,
Nc Hells Angels President Killed,
Articles G
